The Johannesburg Stock Exchange was founded in 1887 when 17 mining companies combined to form the exchange. The JSE has gone through numerous phases, which include expansions and economic difficulties. During the early 1990s, the JSE underwent major changes by shifting away from an open outcry system to an automated electronic trading system. In 2001, the JSE launched an integrated exchange platform called JSE Link, allowing for the trading of cash equities and derivatives, along with other products. In 2018, the JSE launched the African Exchange Network (Afex) to link the exchange with various African markets.
