Nokia

Nokia is a Finnish multinational communications corporation engaged in the manufacturing of mobile devices and network infrastructure.Nokia is a Finnish multinational communications corporation engaged in the manufacturing of mobile devices, network infrastructure, location-based technologies, and advanced technologies businesses worldwide. The corporation is also engaged in converging internet and communications industries. It manufactures a wide range of mobile devices withservices and software that enable people to experience music, navigation, video, television, imaging, games, business mobility, and more.Nokia also operates through four segments, including mobile broadband, global services, HERE, and technologies. Its mobile broadband segment provides consumers with hardware and core network software required to deliver mobile voice and data services. The corporation’s technology segment is involved in the development and sale of intellectual property rights and technology licensing activities. Its global services segment provides network implementation, care, managed services, and network planning and optimization. Finally, the HERE segment provides the development of local commerce, location-based services, and more.

1867: Idestam's wood pulp invention was awarded a Bronze Medal in the 1867 Paris World Exposition.

1880: In 1880 the first papermaking machine was acquired for the pulp if Idestam.

1896: Fredrik Idestam retired and Leo Mechelin became the chairman of the company in 1896.

1898: In 1898 Eduard Polón has established the Finnish Rubber Works.

1902: After the retirement of his friend, Leo Mechelin expanded Nokia Ab’s operations, in 1902, into electricity generation.

1912: Nokia's cable industry started with Suomen Punomotehdas Oy, established in Helsinki by Arvid Wikström in 1912.

1915: Nokia shares were first listed on the Helsinki exchange in 1915. 1915 Nokia shares are first listed on the Helsinki exchange.

1922: In 1922, Nokia Ab was nearing bankruptcy because of World War I. To save the same, Finnish Rubber Works acquired Nokia.

1938: The first winter tire was invented in 1938 in the Finnish Rubber Works.

1960: In 1960 Finnish Cable Works had set up an electronics department to focus on the production of radio transmission equipment. In 1960, a cable division of the Nokia group had been formed.

1962: The company became the Finnish agent for the French computer firm Bull in 1962.

1966: When the amalgamation was completed in 1966, Nokia was involved in several new industries, including integrated cable operations, electronics, tires, and rubber footwear, and had made its first public share offering. When the amalgamation was completed in 1966, Nokia was involved in several new industries, including integrated cable operations, electronics, tires, and rubber footwear and had made its first public share offering. After the merger in 1966 the new Nokia group under its President Björn Westerlund focused especially on energy politics and the cable business.

1967: In 1967 Nokia set up a division to develop design and manufacturing capabilities in data processing, industrial automation, and communications systems. While the three companies were jointly owned, they continued to work independently until 1967, when they were finally merged and Nokia Corporation was born.

1970: In 1970, the production was expanded to include the production of crepe paper in order to keep up with Serlachius, the main competitor.

1975: Appointment of CEO, Kari Kairamo, in 1975 played a significant role in the expansion of the company.

1977: Kari Kairamo took the seat of CEO in 1977 and transformed Nokia. In 1977 Nokia and its competitor Serlachius became the owners of British Tissue Ltd and later Nokia bought Serlachius.

1981: A year after the network came on line in 1981, Nokia gained 100 percent control of Mobira, the Finnish mobile phone company that would later become its key business interest. 1981 The first international cellular system, the Nordic Mobile Telephone network, comes on line, having been developed with the help of Nokia.

1982: Nokia DX200, the company first digital telephone switch was introduced in 1982. Installed in 1982, it was the first digital system in Europe. Kairamo presented in 1982 a business strategy for the paper industry.

1984: In late 1984 Nokia acquired Salora, the largest color television manufacturer in Scandinavia, and Luxor, the Swedish state-owned electronics and computer firm.

1986: In 1986 Nokia reorganized its management structure to simplify reporting efforts and improve control by central management. 1986 Company markets internationally the first Nokia mobile telephone.

1987: Indeed, more than half of the new shares issued by Nokia in 1987 went to foreign investors. Nokia purchased the consumer electronics operations of Standard Elektrik Lorenz A.G. from Alcatel in 1987, further bolstering the company’s position in the television market—it is now the third largest manufacturer in Europe. The company offers its first digital handheld phone for GSM, which in 1987 became the European standard for digital mobile technology.

1988: But everything was not fine as Kari Kairamo committed suicide on December 11, 1988. In 1988, as revenues soared, the company’s profits, under pressure from severe price competition in the consumer electronics markets, dropped. Simo S. Vuorileto took over the company’s reins and began streamlining operations in the spring of 1988. By the end of the decade, Nokia had become the largest information technology company in Scandinavia through its purchase of Ericsson's information systems division in 1988.

1989: In the spring of 1989, Nokia sold off half of its paper industries. In 1989, Nokia-Mobira Oy became Nokia Mobile Phones.

1990: In 1990’s, Nokia’s top leadership decided to focus solely on the telecommunications market, and as a result, the company’s data, power, television, tire, and cable units were sold off in the first few years of the decade.

1991: Late in 1991, the company strengthened that dedication by promoting Jorma Ollila from president of Nokia-Mobira Inc. (renamed Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. the following year) to group president. Nokia gained a leg up in cellphone research and development with the 1991 acquisition of the United Kingdom’s Technophone Ltd. for US $57 million. The computer-division, Nokia Data, was sold in 1991, to a UK-based International Computer Limited. In 1991, world’s first GSM call was made by the then Finnish prime minister, Harri Holkeri. The first GSM call was made in 1991 using Nokia equipment.

1992: In 1992, the company’s first hand-held GSM phone Nokia 1011 was launched and reportedly it had a talk time of 90 minutes and could store 99 contact numbers. In 1992, Jorma Ollila replaced Simo Vuorilehto as CEO. He opposed the idea of selling the mobile-phone division of Nokia and turned it into a telecom-based company. In 1992, Nokia introduced the world’s first commercially available GSM phone, Nokia 1011, which was used by the Finnish Prime Minister Harri Holkeri to make the world’s first GSM call.

1993: The company began selling digital cellular phones in 1993. 1993 The first Nokia digital cellular phone hits the market.

1994: In 1994, Nokia launched 2100 with the now iconic Nokia ringtone. 1994: Nokia introduces the 2110, the first of the company's mobile phones to carry its signature ringtone, which was later made famous by Dom Joly's Trigger Happy TV antics.

1995: The General Communications Products group was created through the mid-1995 combination of the company’s Consumer Electronics division with its Cables and Machinery group.

1996: Unfortunately the Finnish recession has weakened the company, which resulted in selling off the cable production division in 1996. In 1996, Nokia 9000 Communicator was launched.

1997: Aiding this surge was the November 1997 introduction of the 6100 series of digital phones. To help develop further products, Nokia began acquiring Internet technology companies, starting with the December 1997, $120 million purchase of Ipsilon Networks Inc., a Silicon Valley firm specializing in Internet routing. Nokia Communicator was launched in 1997 which offered features like email, fax, calendar, and a massive display.

1998: The spectacular success of Nokia’s 6100 series - the company sold nearly 41 million cellular phones in 1998 - helped the company surpass Motorola and become the world’s top cellular phone maker in that year. The year 1998 also saw the company launching the Nokia 8810, its first phone without an external antenna. Rapid success in the mobile phone sector allowed Nokia to become by 1998, the best-selling mobile phone brand in the world. 1998: Nokia becomes the world's largest mobile phone manufacturer - a position it will hold for the next 14 consecutive years.

1999: Acquisitions continued in 1999, when a further seven deals were completed, four of which were Internet-related. In 1999 Nokia posted a profit of $2.6 billion on revenue of almost $20 billion.

2000: It was also known as Mobira Cityman 2000.

2001: The first hiccup came in 2001, when Nokia profit dropped after being top mobile phone maker in the world. Accounting for 74 percent of Nokia's total revenue in 2001, the mobile phones division offers a broad range of products covering all consumer segments and cellular protocols. Because of the strong United States dollar, Nokia's 2001 financial performance looked even better when expressed in terms of Euros. In 2001 Nokia made two strategic acquisitions. In its 2001 annual report, Nokia said its "strategic intent, as the trusted brand, is to create personalized communication technology that enables people to shape their own mobile world. Even more ominous for Nokia, the mobile phone market in 2001 experienced an unprecedented slowdown in growth. In the fall of 2001, Nokia Networks began the rollout of third generation (3G) wireless network coverage. But as the prices for oil during the oil crisis were rising, the purchasing power for all of the Finnish companies including Nokia has decreased. (International Directory of Company Histories 2001) The year 2001 saw the company launching the Nokia 7650, it’s first phone to feature a built-in camera.

2002: Although the global economy remained sluggish and the telecommunications sector continued to experience weakness in early 2002, Nokia executives were heartened by the company's first quarter showing. The beginning of 2002 witnessed the beginning of third generation (3G) wireless. "snapshot report: nokia corporation." multex investor, 2002. available at http://www.marketguide.com.

2003: Nokia maintained a minority shareholding until early 2003 when it sold its shares to Bridgestone. In 2003 Nokia introduced the first camera phone.

2005: His replacement was a 25-year Nokia veteran named Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo, a lawyer by training whom Fortune, in that magazine's October 31, 2005 issue, described as so taciturn that "he can seem like an extra from an Ingmar Bergman movie." Seyfer, Jessie, "Nokia to Acquire Intellisync," San Jose Mercury News, November 17, 2005. "Nokia and CommTel Expand Broadband in the Pacific," PR Newswire, December 28, 2005. "Nokia Launches New 3G Phones," eWeek, December 1, 2005. Incidentally, it was also the company’s billionth phone sold later in 2005.

2006: Most significantly it was suffering from closing the Russian market, where the business relations were established well and running smoothly (Stolle 2006, 2). After the war Nokia was able to recover from the so-called post war crisis and come back to its international business. That’s why the company started to look for new opportunities as well as new acquisition possibilities in this field of business (Stolle 2006, 2 f.). The most important products of the Finnish cable works were telephone, telegraph and electric cables (Stolle 2006, 4). One of the main raw materials was rubber produced by the Finnish Rubber Works. Without it Nokia couldn’t develop in a way it did. (Stolle 2006, 4 f.)

2007: On June 29, 2007, Steve Jobs announced that Apple will be launching its own series of smartphones called iphone 1 which changed the mobile ecosystem forever. It also failed in the same mobile phone market, where it achieved a milestone that companies only dream of, by capturing 49.4% of the market share in 2007. In 2007, Nokia had started a 50/50 joint venture with Siemens Communications. Another hiccup came in 2007, when the company had to recall a whopping 46 million faulty cell-phone batteries.

2008: In 2008 - the same year when the Android version 1.0 was launched - Nokia’s Q3 profits nosedived 30%, while sales decreased 3.1%. On the other hand, iPhone sales sky-rocketed by around 330% during the same period.

2010: In 2010 Nokia hired Stephen Elop as the CEO of the company to change its fortunes. The flagship N8 was launched later in 2010. Although 2010 saw a rise in profits for the company, job cuts continued.

2011: Nokia took the first step in February 2011, when the company announced a collaboration with Microsoft in order to strengthen its position in the smartphone market. Apple, the second largest competitor of Nokia, uses iOS systems in its devices. (Eaton 2011) After taking the reins in 2011 chief executive Stephen Elop signed a deal with Microsoft, saying Nokia would base its flagship smartphones on the company's Windows mobile- operating system.

2012: Unfortunately Windows Phone and Nokia were both late to the current smartphone era. (Tofel 2012) In this time the company also started with the production of industrial parts, rubber bands or raincoats (About Nokia, Nokia History 2012). It became very popular in the country, so that almost every Finnish family was a proud owner of Nokia Rubber Works products. Meanwhile, in an effort to save more expenses, the company also announced that it will close its oldest factory in Finland and shift its manufacturing to Asia, which had become its largest market by then - all of this happened in early 2012.

2013: In 2013, it acquired 100% shares of Nokia Siemens Networks and rebranded it as Nokia Networks. Finally, the year 2013 brought some good news as Nokia returned to profit six quarters of bleeding money. The creation of Nokia Networks, following the buy-out of joint-venture partner Siemens in 2013, laid the foundation for Nokia’s transformation into primarily a network hardware and software provider.

2014: The sale officially completed in April 2014. The Series 40 was discontinued in late 2014.

2015: The 2015 acquisition of Franco-American telecommunications equipment provider Alcatel-Lucent greatly broadened the scope of Nokia’s portfolio and customer base.

2016: In 2016, Nokia acquired Alcatel-Lucent, a French/American global telecommunications equipment company. In 2016 the Nokia brand re-entered the mobile handset market through a licensing agreement with HMD Global, allowing them to offer phones under the Nokia brand. HMD Global is a Finnish mobile phone company made by previous executives of Nokia. It bought back the mobile phone division from Microsoft in 2016.

2017: In 2017, HMD global released the iconic Nokia 3310, which was well-received by the general public.

2018: In Q3 of 2018, it shipped more than 4.8 million units, making it the 9th largest smartphone vendor worldwide.

2020: On March 19th, 2020, it announced the release of Nokia 8.3 5G, the world’s first 5G smartphone. 2020 Ada Lovelace Honoree Paola Galli “Need for Speed” in the field of Silicon Photonics

2021: "Nokia Corporation ." International Directory of Company Histories. . Retrieved April 16, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/books/politics-and-business-magazines/nokia-corporation-1

We create technology that helps the world act together. The world is facing fundamental challenges. Pressure on the planet is increasing, productivity is stalling and access to opportunity remains stubbornly unequal.

Nokia wants to create a new world; to transform a big planet to a small village. Their vision is to create, build, and encourage people from all countries to communicate with each other in order to create a world where everybody is connected.